Two Minute Drill- The Pathophysiology of Appendicitis

     There are four stages. First there is obstruction and hyperperistalsis. This leads to cramping and vomiting. The second stage is an increase in intraluminal pressure, which leads to a decrease in venous pressure. Ischemia and ulceration occurs.  This causes invasion of bacteria through the wall of the organ. In stage three, the infection spreads, causing inflammation and pain. There is also associated swelling, hypoxia, gangrene and peritonitis. Stage four is perforation. The whole thing can happen in 1-2 days.